一个http请求的工具类。这个就不必多说了，但是这里为了可以应对较多场景，加入了一个传入参数的类型，用来支持各种的数据，这里再提一下StringText这个枚举类型，访问.net core webapi的接口时，假如定义接收参数为[FromBody]String，那边必须再加引号转一下，否则获取不到，在Swagger上也一样，但是用Jquery的话，直接json.stringify()转一下是没问题的（我感觉这里是个深坑，当然你要用其他方式接收的话可以避免这个问题）；同时返回结果有string和byte[]两种类型的数据。用来直接取结果集或者做文件的下载。.
实现功能：
- C#模拟HTTP请求，获取返回的数据
开发环境：
- 开发工具：Visual Studio 2019
- .NET版本：.NET Core 3.1
实现代码：
public class HttpUtil {
public static HttpResult HttpRequest(HttpItem httpItem) {
HttpResult result = new HttpResult();
try {
HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(httpItem.Url);
httpWebRequest.Method = httpItem.Method.ToString();
httpWebRequest.ContentType = httpItem.ContentType;
httpWebRequest.Headers = httpItem.Header;
httpWebRequest.Timeout = httpItem.TimeOut;
if(httpItem.Method == RequestMethod.POST && (httpItem.RequestValue != null)) {
using(Stream requestStream = httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream()) {
requestStream.Write(httpItem.RequestValue, 0, httpItem.RequestValue.Length);
httpWebRequest.ContentLength = httpItem.RequestValue.Length;
}
}
HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();
using(Stream responseStream = httpWebResponse.GetResponseStream()) {
MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
responseStream.CopyTo(memoryStream);
result.HttpByteData = memoryStream.ToArray();
memoryStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
result.HttpStringData = (httpWebResponse.ContentEncoding != null && httpWebResponse.ContentEncoding.Equals("gzip", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)) ? memoryStream.ReadGzipText(httpItem.Encoding) : memoryStream.ReadText(httpItem.Encoding);
}
return result;
}
catch(Exception ex) {
result.Status = false;
result.Msg = ex.Message;
return result;
}
}
}
public class HttpItem {
/// <summary>
/// Url地址
/// </summary>
private string url;
public string Url
{
get
{
if(!url.ToLower().StartsWith("http")) {
url = "http://" + url;
}
return url;
}
set { url = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Method
/// </summary>
public RequestMethod Method { get; set; } = RequestMethod.POST;
/// <summary>
/// 超时时间
/// </summary>
public int TimeOut { get; set; } = 1000 * 60;
/// <summary>
/// 接收的ContentType
/// </summary>
public string ContentType { get; set; } = "application/json";
/// <summary>
/// 发送的ContentType
/// </summary>
public string HeaderContentType { get; set; } = "application/json";
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
public string UserAgent { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 编码
/// </summary>
public Encoding Encoding { get; set; } = Encoding.UTF8;
/// <summary>
/// 发送的数据类型
/// </summary>
public RequesDataType RequestDataType { get; set; } = RequesDataType.Text;
/// <summary>
/// 发送的数据
/// </summary>
public object RequestData { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 根据数据类型转换数据
/// </summary>
public byte[] RequestValue
{
get
{
byte[] bytes = null;
if(RequestData != null) {
switch(RequestDataType) {
case RequesDataType.Text:
bytes = Encoding.GetBytes(RequestData.ToString());
break;
case RequesDataType.StringText:
bytes = Encoding.GetBytes($"\"{RequestData}\"");
break;
case RequesDataType.Byte:
bytes = RequestData as byte[];
break;
}
}
return bytes;
}
}
private WebHeaderCollection _header;
/// <summary>
/// 设置Header
/// </summary>
public WebHeaderCollection Header
{
get
{
if(_header == null) {
_header = new WebHeaderCollection();
}
_header.Add(HttpResponseHeader.ContentType, HeaderContentType);
return _header;
}
set { _header = value; }
}
public HttpItem(string url, RequesDataType requestDataType = RequesDataType.Text, object requestData = null) {
Url = url;
RequestDataType = requestDataType;
RequestData = requestData;
}
}
public class HttpResult {
public bool Status { get; set; } = true;
public string Msg { get; set; } = "Success";
public string HttpStringData { get; set; }
public byte[] HttpByteData { get; set; }
}
public enum RequestMethod {
GET, POST
}
public enum RequesDataType {
Text,
// 如果WebApi设置接收类型为[FromBody]String,需将数据先转义为String
// 如：SendData:"data", 转义:"\"data\""
StringText,
Byte
}
/// <summary>
/// Stream扩展类
/// </summary>
public static class StreamEx {
/// <summary>
/// 流转字符串
/// </summary>
/// <param name="stream"></param>
/// <param name="encoding"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string ReadText(this Stream stream, Encoding encoding) {
string text = string.Empty;
using(StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(stream, encoding)) {
text = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
}
return text;
}
/// <summary>
/// 流转Gzip压缩字符串
/// </summary>
/// <param name="stream"></param>
/// <param name="encoding"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string ReadGzipText(this Stream stream, Encoding encoding) {
string text = string.Empty;
using(GZipStream gZipStream = new GZipStream(stream, CompressionMode.Decompress)) {
using(StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(gZipStream, encoding)) {
text = reader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
return text;
}
}
public Form1() {
InitializeComponent();
Init();
}
DataTable dt_head = new DataTable();
void Init() {
cb_requetType.SelectedIndex = 0;
dt_head.Columns.Add("key");
dt_head.Columns.Add("value");
grid_headers.DataSource = dt_head;
}
private void btn_send_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {
WebHeaderCollection headrs = new WebHeaderCollection();
foreach(DataRow row in dt_head.Rows) {
headrs.Add(row[0].ToString(), row[1].ToString());
}
HttpItem httpItem = new HttpItem(text_url.Text, requestData: text_params.Text) {
Header = headrs,
Method = cb_requetType.Text == "Get" ? RequestMethod.GET : RequestMethod.POST
};
HttpResult httpResult = HttpUtil.HttpRequest(httpItem);
if(httpResult.Status) {
text_response.Text = httpResult.HttpStringData;
}
else {
text_response.Text = "error:" + httpResult.Msg;
}
}
实现效果：
