Entity Framework Core执行存储过程

这节讲解EF Core中使用FromSqlRaw()& ExecuteCommand() 反复执行存储过程 

1 存储过程

下面存储过程返回指定 name和standard 所有学生,name&standard值通过存储过程的输入参数提供.

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_GetStudents]    @Name       VARCHAR(50),    @Standard   INTASBEGIN    SELECT * FROM Student Where Name=@Name AND Standard=@StandardEND

Entity Framework Core 使用FromSqlRaw() 方法执行存储过,使用FromSqlRaw()方法时必须为存储过程提供两个参数,因此我们必须使用SqlParameter 数组设置参数

SqlParameter类位于Microsoft.Data.SqlClient命名空间内,下面代码执行存储过程
var param = new SqlParameter[] {                        new SqlParameter() {                            ParameterName = "@Name",                            SqlDbType =  System.Data.SqlDbType.VarChar,                            Size = 100,                            Direction = System.Data.ParameterDirection.Input,                            Value = "Tony"                        },                        new SqlParameter() {                            ParameterName = "@Standard",                            SqlDbType =  System.Data.SqlDbType.Int,                            Direction = System.Data.ParameterDirection.Input,                            Value = 10                        }};List<Student> studentList = context.Student.FromSqlRaw("[dbo].[sp_GetStudents] @Name, @Standard", param).ToList();

2 存储过程返回多个数据集

.FromSqlRaw()方法将从存储过程中获取一条记录,如果存储过程返回多个数据集,我们使用 ExecuteReader() 方法

下面存储过程返回两组数据集,一个是Student表,另一个是StudentAddress表

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_MultiRecordSets]    @IdStu   INT,    @IdAdd   INT ASBEGIN    SELECT * FROM Student Where Id=@IdStu     SELECT * FROM StudentAddress WHERE Id=@IdAddEND
下面代码显示了如何使用ExecuteReader() 方法从这两组数据中获取值
var param = new SqlParameter[] {                        new SqlParameter() {                            ParameterName = "@IdStu",                            SqlDbType =  System.Data.SqlDbType.Int,                            Direction = System.Data.ParameterDirection.Input,                            Value = 5                        },                        new SqlParameter() {                            ParameterName = "@IdAdd",                            SqlDbType =  System.Data.SqlDbType.Int,                            Direction = System.Data.ParameterDirection.Input,                            Value = 10                        }};var context = new SchoolContext();using (var cnn = context.Database.GetDbConnection()){    var cmm = cnn.CreateCommand();    cmm.CommandType = System.Data.CommandType.StoredProcedure;    cmm.CommandText = "[dbo].[sp_MultiRecordSets]";    cmm.Parameters.AddRange(param);    cmm.Connection = cnn;    cnn.Open();    var reader = cmm.ExecuteReader();    while (reader.Read())    {       // name from student table        string studentName= Convert.ToString(reader["Name"]);     }    reader.NextResult(); //move the next record set    while (reader.Read())    {        // city from student address table        string city = Convert.ToString(reader["City"]);     }}
注意使用NextResult()移动到下一组数据集

EF Core中三个最重要的概念:

1 DbContext类

2 Migrations

3 Fluent APIs

3 使用ExecuteSqlRawAsync()执行存储过程和原生SQL

EF Core使用ExecuteSqlRawAsync() 方法执行存储过程和原生SQL,但是不像FromSqlRaw()方法,它返回受影响的行数,注意也有一个ExecuteSqlRaw() 同步版本类型的方法
var rowsAffected = await context.Database.ExecuteSqlRawAsync("Update Students set Name = 'Donald Trump' where Id = 5");

4 使用ExecuteSqlRawAsync()输出存储过程参数

我们使用存储过程返回生总个数(@TotalStudents)

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_GetStudentsNew]    @Name               VARCHAR(50),    @Standard           INT,    @TotalStudents      INT            OUTPUTASBEGIN    SELECT * FROM Student Where Name=@Name AND Standard=@Standard    SET @TotalStudents= (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Student)END
为了执行存储过程在EF Core,我们需要指定SqlParameter参数的输出方向
new SqlParameter() {    ParameterName = "@TotalStudents",    SqlDbType =  System.Data.SqlDbType.Int,    Direction = System.Data.ParameterDirection.Output, // direction output}
每次执行存储过程时,我们能通过输出参数获取到返回的值:
int totalStudents = Convert.ToInt32(Convert.ToString(param[2].Value));
注意:参数的开始索引是0,总共有三个参数,最后一个参数是输出参数
var context = new SchoolContext();var param = new SqlParameter[] {                        new SqlParameter() {                            ParameterName = "@Name",                            SqlDbType =  System.Data.SqlDbType.VarChar,                            Size = 100,                            Direction = System.Data.ParameterDirection.Input,                            Value = "Tony"                        },                        new SqlParameter() {                            ParameterName = "@Standard",                            SqlDbType =  System.Data.SqlDbType.Int,                            Direction = System.Data.ParameterDirection.Input,                            Value = 10                        },                        new SqlParameter() {                            ParameterName = "@TotalStudents",                            SqlDbType =  System.Data.SqlDbType.Int,                            Direction = System.Data.ParameterDirection.Output,                        }};int affectedRows = await context.Database.ExecuteSqlRawAsync("[dbo].[sp_GetStudentsNew] @Name, @Standard, @TotalStudents out", param);int totalStudents = Convert.ToInt32(param[2].Value);